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柠檬素(Limonoids)是一类富含于芸香料、楝科植物,具有苦味的物质。其化学结构近似于四脱甲基三萜烯类(Ourisson 等,1964年)。芸香料中的柠檬素是一类在柑桔等果品加工中必须除去的废物,如柑桔汁(以及其它柑桔产品)中的苦味便是由于柠檬素所引起,从而成为一个严重的经济问题(Wilson 和 Crutchfield,1968年;Sinclair,1972年)。楝科植物中所含的柠檬素可用于防治害虫,有的还可作为抗肿瘤物质(Kubo 和 Klocke,1982年a.b.;Nakanishi,1977,1980年)。如从几种楝树中分离出的印楝素,已证明对多种害虫、
Limonoids are a class of substances rich in Rutaceae, Meliaceae, with bitter taste. Its chemical structure is similar to tetramethyltetrarne (Ourisson et al., 1964). Rumin in Rutaceae is a type of waste that must be removed during the processing of citrus and other fruits, such as citrus juices (and other citrus products), which is a serious economic problem caused by citric acid (Wilson and Crutchfield, 1968; Sinclair, 1972). Lemons contained in the plants of Meliaceae can be used to control pests and some can also act as antitumor substances (Kubo and Klocke, 1982a.b.; Nakanishi, 1977, 1980). For example, azadirachtin has been isolated from several neem tree species and has been shown to be effective against a wide range of pests,