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1 前言 放射免疫分析是一种体外超微量分析方法,它是高度灵敏的放射性核素示踪技术与高度特异的免疫化学技术巧妙地结合的产物,具有灵敏度高、特异性强、精密度好等优点。灵敏度一般为10~(-9)～10~(-12)g/ml的水平,随着新技术、新方法、新材料的出现与应用,放射免疫分析的检测灵敏度有可能提高到10~(-14)g/ml,甚至10~(-17)g/ml的水平。所以,放射免疫分析及其相关技术已成为生物学、核医学、基础医学以及临床诊断中不可缺少的检测手段,在药理学、免疫学、法医学、病毒学、核农学、生态学和环境科学等多种学科领域也得到广泛应用,被测物质由激素扩展到几乎一切具有生物活性的物质。 随着放射免疫分析的广泛应用,生产厂家把放射免疫分析中所使用的放射性标记物、标准品、结合试剂、分离剂和缓冲溶液等有关材料组装在一个盒内,只要按照操作说明进行操作,就能在体外定量测定人、动物及其它生物
1 Introduction Radioimmunoassay is an in vitro ultra-trace analysis method that is a combination of highly sensitive radionuclide tracer technology and highly specific immunochemical techniques, with high sensitivity, specificity and precision advantage. Sensitivity is generally 10 ~ (-9) ~ 10 ~ (-12) g / ml level, with the emergence of new technologies, new methods, new materials and applications, the detection sensitivity of radioimmunoassay may be increased to 10 ~ -14) g / ml, even 10 ~ (-17) g / ml. Therefore, radioimmunoassay and related technologies have become an indispensable means of detection in biology, nuclear medicine, basic medicine and clinical diagnosis, and are widely used in pharmacology, immunology, forensics, virology, nuclear agronomy, ecology and environmental science. A wide range of subject areas are also widely used, the measured substances from the hormone extended to almost all bio-active substances. With the widespread use of radioimmunoassay, manufacturers assemble radioactive immunoassays for radiolabels, standards, binding reagents, separators, and buffer solutions in a single box. Just follow the instructions, In vitro quantitative determination of human, animal and other organisms