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目的了解化疗患者医院感染及其高危因素,以便加强防控措施。方法采用回顾性调查方法,对2009年住院的1 640例化疗患者进行医院感染发生率及相关危险因素分析。结果本次调查的1 640例化疗患者中,发生医院感染234例,医院感染率为14.3%。感染部位以上下呼吸道最多,占52%;口腔、消化道感染占20%;泌尿道感染占18.8%。引起化疗患者医院感染的致病菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,占54.6%;真菌占23.1%,革兰阳性球菌占22.3%。主要危险因素为化疗,侵入性操作。结论化疗患者医院感染发病率较高,以呼吸道感染为主,针对侵入性操和化疗特点采取防控措施。
Objective To understand the nosocomial infection in patients with chemotherapy and its risk factors in order to strengthen prevention and control measures. Methods A retrospective survey was conducted to analyze the prevalence rate and related risk factors of nosocomial infections in 1 640 cases of patients hospitalized in 2009. Results Among the 1 640 chemotherapy patients in this survey, 234 cases of nosocomial infection occurred and the hospital infection rate was 14.3%. The upper and lower respiratory tract infection at most, accounting for 52%; oral, gastrointestinal infections accounted for 20%; urinary tract infection accounted for 18.8%. Gram-negative bacilli were the main pathogenic bacteria causing nosocomial infections in chemotherapy patients, accounting for 54.6%; fungi accounted for 23.1%, and gram-positive cocci accounted for 22.3%. The main risk factors for chemotherapy, invasive procedures. Conclusion The incidence of nosocomial infections in patients with chemotherapy is high, with respiratory tract infection as the mainstay, and prevention and control measures are taken according to the characteristics of invasive operation and chemotherapy.