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随着IVF-ET的广泛开展,其妊娠并发症和子代健康状况也受到越来越多的关注。胎盘血管发育异常会导致前置胎盘、妊娠期高血压疾病、低出生体质量等妊娠并发症和不良产科结局。关于IVF-ET与胎盘血管发育异常相关疾病的关联性说法不一。亲代的不孕背景及IVF-ET过程中非生理性干预进一步导致的孕妇体内激素水平紊乱均有可能改变胚胎的早期发育,从而在妊娠后期出现并发症并影响子代健康。目前公认的IVF可能导致的妊娠期并发症及不良妊娠结局包括:妊娠期高血压、前置胎盘、低体质量儿、超低体质量儿等,这些不良结局的产生大多是与胎盘发育障碍,尤其与胎盘血管发育异常相关。亲代不孕背景、IVF-ET的不当操作、促排卵所致激素水平紊乱都会影响早期胎盘血管发生,其涉及的功能障碍以及蛋白、基因表达改变情况,还需进一步的实验室研究。
With the extensive development of IVF-ET, more and more attention has been paid to its complications of pregnancy and offspring’s health. Placental vascular dysplasia can lead to complications such as placenta previa, gestational hypertension, low birth weight, and poor obstetric outcomes. The relevance of IVF-ET to diseases associated with placental vascular dysplasia varies. Infertility background of the parents and further disorder of hormones in pregnant women caused by non-physiological intervention in the process of IVF-ET may change the early development of the embryo, which may lead to complications during the second trimester and affect the health of the offspring. Currently recognized IVF may lead to complications of pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes include: gestational hypertension, placenta previa, low birth weight children, low birth weight children, these adverse outcomes are mostly associated with placental dysplasia, Especially with placental vascular dysplasia. Infertile background of parents, improper operation of IVF-ET and disturbance of hormones induced by ovulation can affect early placental angiogenesis, dysfunctions involved, and changes in protein and gene expression. Further laboratory studies are needed.