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目的调查台州市黄岩区2015年居民健康素养状况,探讨其影响因素,为台州黄岩区居民健康教育策略的制定提供参考。方法本次调查采用横断面调查方法,应用多阶段分层随机抽样法,于2015年1-12月期间对台州市黄岩区800例常住居民进行问卷调查,应用Logistic回归分析居民健康素养水平影响因素,并据此提出相关应对对策。结果台州市黄岩区居民基本技能具备率为32.25%,基本知识和理念具备率为25.63%,健康生活方式与行为具备率为18.13%,健康素养具备率为19.00%;调查表明文化程度越高,居民健康素养率及基本技能素养率、基本知识和理念素养率、健康生活方式与行为率明也越高;居民年龄越大,其健康素养率越低;城市居民基本知识和理念素养率、健康素养率及基本技能素养率明显高于农村居民,其差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在7类健康问题中,城市居民安全与急救素养率、信息的获取与应用率及慢性疾病预防素养率明显高于农村居民,其差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而传染病预防素养率明显低于农村居民,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经Logistic回归分析,城乡差异、文化程度为居民健康素养的影响因素。结论台州市黄岩区居民健康素养率为19.00%,尚处较低水平。因此,需加强对居民的健康教育干预,尤其是针对城乡居民及不同文化程度的居民实施针对性健康教育。
Objective To investigate the health literacy status of residents in Huangyan District, Taizhou City in 2015, and to explore the influential factors, and provide reference for the formulation of health education strategies for residents in Huangyan District, Taizhou. Methods The survey was conducted by cross-sectional survey method and multi-stage stratified random sampling method. During the period from January to December 2015, 800 residents in Huangyan District, Taizhou City were surveyed. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of residents’ health literacy level , And put forward relevant countermeasures accordingly. Results The basic skills of residents in Huangyan District of Taizhou City were 32.25%, 25.63% of them had basic knowledge and concept, 18.13% of healthy life style and behavior, and 19.00% of health literacy rate. The survey showed that the higher the educational level, Residents’ health literacy rate and basic skills literacy rate, basic knowledge and ideological literacy rate, healthy lifestyles and behavioral rates are also higher; residents’ older age is lower, their health literacy rate is lower; urban residents’ basic knowledge and ideological literacy rate, health The rate of literacy and basic literacy rates were significantly higher than those of rural residents (P <0.05). Among the seven types of health problems, the safety and first aid literacy rates, access to and utilization of information, and chronic disease prevention and literacy rates among urban residents were significantly higher than those from rural residents (P <0.05). However, The rate was significantly lower than that of rural residents, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that urban-rural differences and educational level were the influencing factors of residents’ health literacy. Conclusion The health literacy rate of residents in Huangyan District of Taizhou City is 19.00%, which is still at a low level. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen health education intervention for residents, especially for urban and rural residents and residents with different education levels.