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目的 分析青田县实行免费“新四病”(先天性甲状腺功能低下症、苯丙酮尿症、肾上腺皮质增生症和葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症)筛查以来的整体状况、经验和做法,为进一步促进新生儿疾病筛查工作提供依据.方法 对青田县2015-2016年出生的5528例新生儿免费“新四病”筛查的相关资料整理并进行回顾性分析.结果 两年间新生儿疾病筛查率及筛查质量较为稳定,可疑阳性病例召回情况良好,新生儿甲状腺功能低下发病率为1.80‰,苯丙酮尿症发病率为0.18‰,葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症的发病率为2.17‰,未检出肾上腺皮质增生症患者,所有确诊的患儿经规范治疗后随访.结论 “新四病”的筛查工作整体稳定有序,在保持全县较高的筛查率的情况还需进一步提高血片的采集质量.重视筛查中的每一个环节,加强采血员的日常管理,提高“新四病”筛查质控水平,是保证“新四病”筛查工作质量的有效途径.“,”Objective To analyze the overall situation of congenital the examination of congential hypothyroidism ( CH), phenylketonuria ( PKU), congenital adrenal cortical hyperplasia ( CAH) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency ( G6 PD) and summarize the experience for providing evidence for further screening work and method. Methods The data of5528 new born babies in Qingtian county between 2015 and 2016 were screened and analyzed retrospectively. Results During two years, the screening rate and screening quality of neonatal diseases were relatively stable and the recall of suspicious positive cases was good. The morbidity of CH was 1. 80‰ and PKU was 0. 18‰, but the morbidity of G6 PD deficiency was2. 17‰. There was no patient of CAH and other patients had accept the standard therapy. Conclusion The examination of“New Four Diseases”is in stable, but the quality of blood slides still needs to be improved. It is an effective way to ensure the quality of the screening work of “New Fourth disease”by paying attention to every link in screening, strengthening the daily management of the blood collector and improving the quality control level of the“New Fourth disease”screening specimen.