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目的:了解青山区出生缺陷发生率,探讨出生缺陷发生的相关因素,为制定和采取预防干预措施提供依据。方法:按照全国出生缺陷监测方案的要求,对(2008—2010年)2007年10月1日—2010年10月31日青山区5家分娩医院住院分娩的孕满28周到产后7天内围产儿进行监测。结果:3年共监测围产儿11 850例,出生缺陷儿104例,缺陷发生率为8.8%,其中2008年出生缺陷率为3.6‰、2009年为10.1‰、2010年为13.2‰。出生缺陷呈逐年上升趋势,前5位出生缺陷依次为:①外耳畸形;②多指并指;③唇腭裂;④足部畸形;⑤头面部畸形。母亲居住离空气污染较近的区域明显高于离空气污染较远的区域,母亲文化程度低的出生缺陷儿明显高于文化程度较高者。出生缺陷的发生与性别无相关系。结论:要广泛开展健康教育,普级优生优育知识,加强婚前检查,孕期保健和产前诊断工作。
Objective: To understand the incidence of birth defects in Qingshan District and explore the related factors of birth defects, so as to provide the basis for making and adopting preventive interventions. Methods: According to the requirements of the National Birth Defective Monitoring Program (2008-2010), October 1, 2007 - October 31, 2010 Perinatal infants were delivered within 28 days of pregnancy in 28 delivery hospitals in the five delivery hospitals in Qingshan District and within 7 days after delivery monitor. Results: A total of 11 850 perinatal infants and 104 birth defects were monitored during the three years. The incidence of defects was 8.8%. The birth defect rate was 3.6% in 2008, 10.1% in 2009 and 13.2% in 2010. Birth defects showed an upward trend year by year, the top five birth defects were as follows: ① external ear deformity; ② refers to the fingers and more; ③ cleft lip and palate; ④ foot deformities; ⑤ head facial deformity. The area where mothers lived near air pollution was significantly higher than those far from air pollution. The birth defects of mothers with low education level were significantly higher than those with higher education level. The birth defect has nothing to do with gender. Conclusion: To carry out a wide range of health education, generalized eugenics and prenatal knowledge, strengthen premarital examination, prenatal care and prenatal diagnosis.