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目的了解基层医务人员在工作场所中遭受暴力的情况及其影响因素,探讨降低工作场所暴力的有效途径和方法。方法采用单纯随机抽样方法选取广州市、深圳市两地社区卫生服务中心医务人员进行问卷调查。结果所调查医务人员中1年内工作场所暴力发生率为49.78%,其中躯体攻击为7.03%,情感虐待为44.05%,威胁恐吓为19.37%,言语性骚扰为8.75%,躯体性骚扰为3.30%;年轻群体是工作场所暴力的主要受害者;单因素分析显示,年龄、工龄、学历、医患关系不满程度、岗位与工作场所暴力发生有关联。Logistic回归分析显示,年龄较高组是工作场所暴力发生的保护因素,月收入高、医患关系不满程度高是工作场所暴力发生的危险因素。结论基层医院工作场所暴力问题不容忽视,尤其应针对情感暴力做出预防措施。同时深化医疗改革,减少和避免工作场所暴力发生。
Objective To understand the situation of grass-roots medical staff in the workplace and its influencing factors, to explore effective ways and means to reduce workplace violence. Methods A simple random sampling method was used to select the medical personnel of community health service centers in Guangzhou and Shenzhen to conduct questionnaire survey. Results The incidence of workplace violence in the surveyed medical staff was 49.78% within one year, including 7.03% for physical attack, 44.05% for emotional abuse, 19.37% for threatening intimidation, 8.75% for verbal sexual harassment and 3.30% for physical sexual harassment. The young group Univariate analysis showed that age, seniority, education, dissatisfaction with doctor-patient relationship, job-related violence in the workplace. Logistic regression analysis showed that the higher age group was the protective factor of workplace violence. The high monthly income and the high degree of dissatisfaction between doctors and patients were the risk factors of workplace violence. Conclusions The workplace violence in primary hospitals should not be neglected. In particular, preventive measures should be taken in response to emotional violence. At the same time, deepen medical reform to reduce and avoid violence in the workplace.