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本文简要叙述了民族学与人口学相互接近的过程，从民族学角度研究人口的特别意义，以及国内外的研究状况。文中不仅介绍了中国的少数民族人口研究，而且专门提到了用人类学方法对汉族人口的研究；在介绍前苏联的民族人口学时，特别与中国进行了对比。西方人类学中的人口研究是本文的一个重点，其中涉及到人口与文化的相互关系、出生率与死亡率中的文化因素、生育文化等诸多方面
This article briefly narrates the process of ethnology and demography are close to each other, studies the special meaning of population from the angle of ethnology and the research status at home and abroad. The article not only introduces the study of the ethnic minorities in China, but also specifically refers to the anthropological study of the Han population. In introducing the population of the former Soviet Union, the study compares it with that of China in particular. Demographic studies in Western anthropology are a focus of this article, which deal with many aspects of population and cultural interrelationships, cultural factors in birth and death rates, and reproductive culture