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新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy HIE)是指由围生期缺氧窒息导致的脑缺血缺氧性损伤,可出现嗜睡、肌张力异常、惊厥等一系列的临床症状。轻者可治愈,严重者可导致患儿智力低下、发育落后、脑瘫、癫痫,甚至死亡。因此,对新生儿HIE的早期诊断和预后评估方法的研究始终是国内外关注的热点。近年来,随着医学影像技术的飞速发展,磁共振弥散加权成像(diffusion-weighted imaging,DWI)、弥散张量成像(diffusion-tensor imaging,DTI)及磁共振波谱分析(magnetic resonance spectroscopy,MRS)等功能成像技术在该病的早期诊断和预后分析等方面具有明显的优势。本文就磁共振功能成像在HIE早期诊断和预后评估方面的应用进展做一综述。
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) refers to a series of clinical symptoms such as lethargy, abnormal dystonia, convulsions and so on, which are caused by perinatal hypoxia and asphyxia. Light can be cured, severe cases can lead to mental retardation, developmental retardation, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and even death. Therefore, the research on the methods of early diagnosis and prognosis of neonatal HIE has always been the focus of attention at home and abroad. In recent years, with the rapid development of medical imaging technology, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) Imaging and other functional imaging in the early diagnosis and prognosis of the disease has obvious advantages. This review summarizes the progress of magnetic resonance imaging in the early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of HIE.