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Hofmeister离子序列涉及到的问题十分广泛,对很多化学和生物体系都有影响。关于Hofmeister离子序列调控水溶液中大分子溶质行为的作用机制,目前的研究主要有两类观点:一类认为Hofmeister离子是通过与水分子相互作用间接影响水溶液中大分子溶质的存在状态及聚集行为;而另一类则认为Hofmeister离子与水溶液中大分子溶质之间存在直接相互作用是导致Hofmeister离子序列的内在原因。本文详细介绍了上述两类观点的研究工作,并对该领域的最新进展进行了评述。由于实际体系中可能存在水分子-水分子、水分子-离子、水分子-溶质分子、阴离子-阳离子等众多复杂的相互作用,上述两类观点其实都只是从一个侧面解释了Hofmeister离子序列,对Hofmeister离子序列及其作用机制的研究仍然有待深入。
The Hofmeister ion sequence addresses a wide range of issues and has implications for many chemical and biological systems. There are mainly two kinds of viewpoints about the mechanism of Hofmeister ion sequence regulating the solute behavior of macromolecules in aqueous solution. There are two kinds of viewpoints in the present study: one is that Hofmeister ion indirectly influences the existence state and aggregation behavior of solute in aqueous solution through interaction with water molecules; While the other type considers the direct interaction between Hofmeister ions and the macromolecular solutes in aqueous solution, which is the intrinsic cause of Hofmeister ion sequence. This article details the research work on these two types of views and comments on the latest developments in this area. Due to the complicated complex interactions of water molecules - water molecules, water molecules - ions, water molecules - solute molecules, anion - cations and so on, the above two kinds of views actually only explain Hofmeister ion sequence from one side, Hofmeister ion sequence and its mechanism of action remains to be further studied.