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利用同位素~(125)Ⅰ标记的抗人活化血小板α-颗粒膜蛋白(GMP-140)单克隆抗体SZ-51,建立了直接测定全血内活化血小板的放射免疫法,该法敏感性高,能检测出含有2％的活化血小板,在50例正常人中,只有极少的GMP-140分子暴露在循环血小板表面;10例体外循环患者,血小板表面GMP-140分子呈一过性升高,尤以转流结束为高峰;18例流行性出血热患者GMP-140分子与其四个不同的病期相关,以休克期为最高,恢复期降至正常范围;6例急性心肌梗塞(AMI)患者,GMP-140分子数与AMI的病程相关,GMP-140在AMI后第48小时达高峰;GMP-140分子在哮喘发作时亦呈显著升高;但在原发性血小板减少性紫癜患者(n=11)中未见显著增高。结果提示单克隆抗体SZ-51能可靠地检测体内的活化血小板,该项研究有助于血栓性疾病的诊断及其它相关疾病发病机理的进一步研究。
A radioimmunoassay method was established for direct determination of activated platelets in whole blood using isotope labeled 125I-labeled anti-human activated platelet alpha-granule membrane protein (GMP-140) monoclonal antibody SZ-51. Only a small amount of GMP-140 molecules were exposed on the surface of circulating platelets in 2 out of 50 normal subjects. In 10 patients with cardiopulmonary bypass, GMP-140 on platelet surface was transiently elevated, In particular, GMP-140 was associated with four different stages of disease in 18 patients with epidemic hemorrhagic fever, with the highest in shock period and the recovery period falling to the normal range. Six patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) , GMP-140 was related to the course of AMI, GMP-140 peaked at 48 hours after AMI, GMP-140 was also significantly increased during asthma attack, but in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (n = 11) no significant increase. The results suggest that the monoclonal antibody SZ-51 can reliably detect activated platelets in vivo. This study is helpful for the diagnosis of thrombotic diseases and further study on the pathogenesis of other related diseases.