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我们在现实生活中无时不在遵守着这种规范,不论是明显的道德规范条例,还是内蕴的潜在道德律令。我们面对的问题总是在一个两难的“困境”下做决定,可是往往循着道德的规范性指导,我们有时必须舍弃掉自己的利益去满足他人的利益和集体的利益。我们虽然行动上也确实按照道德规范去做了,但是心中不免会问:我为什么要这么做?道德要求是从哪儿来的?我是不是必须得这样做?这就是关于道德规范性的来源问题,也即人为什么要有道德的问题?本文通过对伦理学史中现存几种关于规范性问题的回答,考察他们的思路及其缺陷,笔者结合当代伦理学的发展动态,认为应该从自然主义的角度出发,关注伦理学与人性的研究和其他学科的综合考察,提出从演化的角度来回答这一问题的方向。
We are in constant compliance with this norm in real life, whether it is obvious norms of ethics, or potential underlying moral law. The problems we face always make decisions under a dilemma of “dilemma ”, but often follow the normative guidance of morality. Sometimes we must abandon our own interests to meet the interests of others and collective interests. Although we did act ethically, we could not help but ask: Why did I do this? Where did the moral requirements come from? Was it necessary for me to do so? This is about the source of moral norms , That is why people should have a moral problem? In this paper, the history of ethics in several existing questions about the standardization of the answer to examine their ideas and their shortcomings, the author combined with the development of contemporary ethics, that should be from naturalism From the perspective of ethics and human nature, we pay close attention to the comprehensive investigation of ethics and human nature and put forward the direction of answering this question from the perspective of evolution.