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目的了解辽宁省沈阳市男男性接触者(MSM)人类免疫缺陷病毒和性传播疾病(HIV/STD)感染的流行状况及影响因素,为进一步干预提供科学依据。方法采用横断面调查方法,对沈阳市MSM进行匿名问卷调查,采集血样检测HIV和梅毒螺旋体;采集尿道、肛门分泌物,检测衣原体及淋球菌。结果共调查231人,采集血样229份。HIV感染率为5.67%,梅毒感染率为28.9%,肛门拭子衣原体检出阳性率为32.8%,尿道拭子衣原体检出阳性率为1.8%,肛门、尿道拭子淋球菌检测均为阴性。首次发生同性性行为的最小年龄为10岁。1年中有男性性伴1~5人者有101人,占43.7%;有6~10人者有54人,占23.4%。40.57%的MSM同时与女性性交。与不同性伴(固定、商业、偶遇)发生性行为时安全套使用比例不同,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论沈阳市MSM中HIV、梅毒感染率较高,非保护性性交等危险因素普遍存在,应及时采取措施,控制HIV/STD在MSM中的流行,并防止其向普通人群传播。
Objective To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of human immunodeficiency virus and sexually transmitted disease (HIV / STD) infection in men who have sex with men (MSM) in Shenyang of Liaoning Province and provide a scientific basis for further intervention. Methods A cross-sectional survey method was used to conduct anonymous questionnaire survey of MSM in Shenyang City. Blood samples were collected to detect HIV and Treponema pallidum. Urinary tract and anal secretions were collected to detect Chlamydia and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Results A total of 231 people were surveyed and 229 blood samples were collected. HIV infection rate was 5.67%, syphilis infection rate was 28.9%, anal swab chlamydia positive rate was 32.8%, urethral swabs chlamydia positive rate was 1.8%, anal, urethral swab Neisseria gonorrhoeae test were negative. The minimum age for first-time same-sex sexual activity is 10 years. 1 year male partner with 1 to 5 people have 101, accounting for 43.7%; 6 to 10 people have 54 people, accounting for 23.4%. 40.57% of MSM intercourse with women at the same time. There was a significant difference in the proportion of condoms when having sex with different partners (fixed, commercial, occasional), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion In Shenyang MSM, HIV, syphilis infection rate is high, risk factors such as unprotected sexual intercourse are ubiquitous. Measures should be taken in time to control HIV / STD prevalence in MSM and prevent its spread to the general population.