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为了测定平面应力问题中的弹性和塑性范围内的应变场与应力场,采用了一种叫做可变色的(chromorheological)(CHR)模型。在模型的一面上,包括任意加载阶段的弹塑性边界在内的塑性变形的扩展,或者能明显地观察到,或者能在底片上记录下来。在模型的另一面上,粘附上一种双折射薄膜,从这层薄膜上就可以获得有规律的实验数据。这些数据与屈服条件一起提供了寻找已知弹塑性边界上各点应力状态的可能性。塑性范围内的应力问题是静定的。该实验提供了边界上所有的数据,因而塑性范围内的应力场能够计算出来。弹性区和塑性区的应变场可以用众所周知的光弹性法得到。用这种方法可以解决塑性区域的应力与应变之间的关系问题。对于具有中心孔的板条,这种方法的有效性已为实验研究所证实。
In order to determine the strain and stress fields in the elastic and plastic regions of the plane stress problem, a model called chromorheological (CHR) is used. On one side of the model, the expansion of the plastic deformation, including the elasto-plastic boundary at any loading stage, is either noticeably observable or can be recorded on the film. On the other side of the model, a birefringent film is attached, from which regular experimental data can be obtained. Together with the yield conditions, these data provide the possibility of finding the stress state at each point on the known elastic-plastic boundary. The problem of stress in the plastic range is statically deterministic. This experiment provides all the data on the boundary, so the stress field in the plastic range can be calculated. The strain field of the elastic zone and the plastic zone can be obtained by the well-known photoelastic method. This method can solve the problem of the relationship between the stress and strain of plastic region. The effectiveness of this method has been confirmed by experimental studies on slats with a central hole.