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目的通过对一起学校菌痢暴发疫情的调查处置分析,了解疫情暴发的原因和特点,查找传染来源和传播方式,为疫情防控提供科学依据,积累类似事件处置经验。方法采用描述流行病学和病例对照研究方法,采集相关样本进行实验室检测。结果 2014年9月2-6日,该校发病235例,罹患率40.38%,教师、各年级学生均有发病,病例对照研究显示在食堂就餐是发病主要危险因素,34份肛拭子标本中检出宋内志贺菌13份,检出率38.24%。结论该起疫情是由宋内志贺菌引起的菌痢暴发,暴发的原因可能是该学校生活用水被粪便污染后导致食堂的餐具和食物被污染所致。
Objective To investigate the causes and characteristics of outbreaks of outbreaks of bacillary dysentery in schools and find out the sources and modes of transmission of outbreaks and provide scientific evidences for prevention and control of outbreaks and accumulate experience of handling similar incidents. Methods Descriptive epidemiology and case-control study methods were used to collect relevant samples for laboratory testing. Results From September 2 to September 6, 2014, 235 cases of the school were attacked and the attack rate was 40.38%. Teachers and students of all grades had morbidity. A case-control study showed that eating in the canteen was the main risk factor. Among the 34 samples of anal swab Shigella sonnei 13 were detected, the detection rate was 38.24%. Conclusion The outbreak was caused by the outbreak of bacillary dysentery caused by Shigella sonnei. The outbreak might be caused by contamination of tableware and food in the canteen caused by water pollution in the school life.