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目的分析1985—2010年25 a间广西汉族儿童青少年血压变化趋势,为探索从儿童青少年时期预防和控制成人高血压等心脑血管疾病的发生和发展提供科学依据。方法对1985—2010年广西6次学生体质调研中7~18岁汉族儿童青少年血压、身高、体重等结果进行趋势和相关性分析。结果 25 a间,广西汉族城乡男女生收缩压均呈下降趋势(F值为5.418~430.680,P值均<0.01),平均减少4.0 mm Hg;舒张压均呈上升趋势(F值为18.651~75.257,P值均<0.01),平均增加10.7 mm Hg,幅度大于收缩压;总体脉压呈下降趋势(F=3 640.650,P<0.01),平均减少13.8 mm Hg;2005和2010年收缩压、舒张压、脉压与身高、体重、体质指数均呈正相关(P值均<0.01)。结论广西汉族儿童青少年的心脏功能下降形势严峻。应倡导健康生活方式,提高身体活动水平,从儿童期预防高血压等心脑血管慢性疾病的发生。
Objective To analyze the trend of blood pressure among adolescent children and adolescents in Guangxi Han nationality between 1985 and 2010, and to provide a scientific basis for exploring the occurrence and development of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as preventing and controlling adult hypertension in children and adolescents. Methods The trend and correlation of blood pressure, height, body weight and other results of Han children and adolescents aged 7-18 years in Guangxi during 1985-2010 were studied. Results The systolic blood pressure of male and female students in urban and rural areas of Guangxi showed a decreasing trend (F = 5.418 ~ 430.680, P <0.01) with an average reduction of 4.0 mm Hg during 25 years. The diastolic blood pressure showed an upward trend (F = 18.651 ~ 75.257 (P <0.01), with an average increase of 10.7 mm Hg, the amplitude was greater than the systolic pressure; the overall pulse pressure showed a downward trend (F = 3 640.650, P <0.01), with an average reduction of 13.8 mm Hg; Pressure, pulse pressure and height, weight, body mass index were positively correlated (P value <0.01). Conclusion The decline of cardiac function in Han children and adolescents in Guangxi is severe. Should advocate a healthy lifestyle, improve physical activity level, from childhood to prevent hypertension and other cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.