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目的探讨艾滋病(以下简称AIDS)合并多重耐药菌感染患者的原因、相关因素,并采取相应措施以控制院内感染的发生,以降低感染率。方法选取医院四科收治的AIDS患者,以2013年1月-2014年12月170例多重耐药菌感染患者为研究对象,依据年度分为2组,比较两组在病原菌以及易感因素的差异性。结果对照组2013年多重耐药菌89例,感染发病率2.8%;观察组2014年多重耐药菌81例,感染发病率1.8%,感染发病率下降一个百分点;两组多重耐药菌感染均以下呼吸道感染、泌尿道感染、血管相关性感染、上呼吸道感染为主,病原菌以大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌常见,以产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)菌株最广泛;AIDS免疫功能低下、静脉吸食毒品合并机会性感染是多重耐药菌的危险因素。结论监测多耐菌感染患者,及时采取感染控制合理使用抗菌药物等一揽子感染控制措施的实施,可有效降低多重耐药菌感染发生。
Objective To explore the causes and related factors of AIDS patients (hereinafter referred to as AIDS) with multiple drug-resistant bacterial infections and to take corresponding measures to control the occurrence of nosocomial infections to reduce the infection rate. Methods A total of 170 cases of multi-drug resistant bacterial infections from January 2013 to December 2014 in our hospital were selected and divided into two groups according to the year. The difference in pathogens and susceptibility factors between the two groups was compared Sex. Results In the control group, there were 89 multi-drug resistant bacteria in 2013, with an infection rate of 2.8%. In the observation group, 81 were multi-drug resistant bacteria in 2014, with an infection rate of 1.8% and a 1% decrease in the incidence of infection. The following respiratory infections, urinary tract infections, vascular-related infections, upper respiratory tract infection, the pathogens of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus common to produce extended-spectrum β-endo Amylolytic enzymes (ESBLs) strain the most extensive; AIDS immunocompromised, intravenous drug abuse and opportunistic infections are multidrug-resistant bacteria risk factors. Conclusion The implementation of a package of infection control measures such as surveillance of multi-nosocomial infections and timely infection control and rational use of antimicrobial agents can effectively reduce the occurrence of multiple drug-resistant bacterial infections.