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本文是系列讲座文章的第四篇,介绍了主动结构和智能结构的基本概念,以及目前的研究现状。讨论了线性主动结构的基本概念,给出了模态及其基本属性;重点介绍了有限元的建模方法;考虑建模的不确定性,讨论了不确定性的表示方法及振动鲁棒控制问题;针对航天结构的复杂性,给出了优化问题的一般提法,介绍了遗传算法和模拟退火算法两种优化算法。最后引用了两个桁架结构的实例,说明主动结构或智能结构的有关问题。
This article is the fourth in a series of lecture articles introducing the basic concepts of active structures and intelligent structures, as well as the current state of the art. The basic concept of linear active structure is discussed, the modal and its basic properties are given, the modeling method of finite element is introduced emphatically, the representation of uncertainty and the robust control of vibration are discussed considering the modeling uncertainty In the light of the complexity of aerospace structures, the general formulation of optimization problems is given. Two optimization algorithms, genetic algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm, are introduced. Finally, two examples of truss structures are cited to illustrate the related problems of active structure or intelligent structure.