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目的分析泉州市2006～2008年麻疹流行特征,提出控制麻疹策略。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,运用EXCEL2003软件进行分析评价。结果2006～2008年泉州市发病较高的为晋江、石狮、鲤城、丰泽、南安等5个县(市、区),占全市总病例数的86.82%;病例中15岁以下儿童占77.75%,8月龄以下儿童占发病总数比例从2004年5.81%上升到2008年15.67%,流动人口的病例占总发病数的57.01%;病例中有麻疹疫苗(MV)免疫史的仅占10.76%;本地儿童的麻疹疫苗接种率维持在90%以上;全市7岁以下流动儿童麻疹疫苗第一针接种率为78.89%,第二针接种率仅为46.50%。麻疹疫苗免疫干预后发病明显下降。结论人口流动频繁、疫苗接种率低、免疫空白人群积累是麻疹发病升高的主要因素。采取有效措施,确保所有儿童完成麻疹疫苗免疫是泉州市麻疹防控的主要措施,重点要加强流动儿童的免疫接种工作。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Quanzhou from 2006 to 2008 and put forward the measles control strategy. Methods Using descriptive epidemiological method, using EXCEL2003 software for analysis and evaluation. Results From 2006 to 2008, there were 5 counties (cities and districts) in Jinjiang, Shishi, Licheng, Fortress and Nanan, accounting for 86.82% of the total number of cases in Quanzhou City; 77.75 %, The proportion of children under 8 months of age in the total number of cases increased from 5.81% in 2004 to 15.67% in 2008, and the number of floating population accounted for 57.01% of the total number of cases; only 10.76% of cases had measles vaccine immunization history, ; The local measles vaccination coverage of children maintained at above 90%; the city’s floating children measles vaccine under the age of 7 the first needle inoculation rate was 78.89%, the second needle inoculation rate was 46.50%. The incidence of measles vaccine decreased significantly after immunization. Conclusions Frequent population movements, low vaccination rates and the accumulation of immunocompromised people are the major causes of the increased incidence of measles. Take effective measures to ensure that all children to complete the measles vaccine immunization is the main measure of prevention and control of measles in Quanzhou, with emphasis on strengthening the immunization of migrant children.