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本文主要研究了俄罗斯2005~2006年政府采购改革的影响。通过对两组针对制造行业进行调查所得数据的分析,我们发现在政府采购改革之前,国有企业、老公司(1992年之前成立的公司)和大公司在取得政府订单方面有着优势。我们对2009年的数据进行分析,结果表明企业参与政府采购的份额大幅度上升。大企业们保持着他们取得政府订单的优势。如果一个企业参与了2005年的政府采购计划,那么这将对它取得2009年的政府订单有一个积极的影响。预计2009年的“回扣”规模与2005年大致相同。我们对2009年的数据分析也显示,企业积极重组对于其能否取得政府订单没有任何影响。我们认为,俄罗斯政府采购改革的主要目标并未实现。我们对这次失败的原因进行讨论并提出了一些政策建议。
This paper mainly studies the influence of Russia’s government procurement reform from 2005 to 2006. Through the analysis of data from two sets of surveys on the manufacturing industry, we found that SOEs, old companies (companies established before 1992), and large companies had an advantage in obtaining government orders before the government procurement reform. Our analysis of the data for 2009 shows that the share of enterprises in government procurement has risen sharply. Big companies keep their advantage of getting government orders. If a business participates in a 2005 government procurement plan, this will have a positive impact on its 2009 government order. Estimated 2009 “rebate ” size and 2005 roughly the same. Our analysis of the data in 2009 also shows that active corporate restructuring has no effect on whether it can get government orders. In our opinion, the main goal of the Russian government procurement reform has not been realized. We discussed the reasons for the failure and put forward some policy recommendations.