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【目的】害虫的取食潜力反映了其生态学和经济学特性,这些知识有助于扩展其控制措施。能否将害虫物种按亲缘关系的远近进行分组,对它们在发育或成熟期的取食量进行定量排序?了解不同害虫种类的取食模式有助于这一问题的解答。【方法】对印度4种蝗科农业害虫——等岐蔗蝗Hieroglyphus banian(Fab.),暗翅剑角蝗Acrida exaltata(Walk.),中华板胸蝗Spathosternum prasiniferum prasiniferum(Walk.)和Oxya fuscovittata(Mars.)的取食量进行了定量测定,估测了4种害虫雌雄各若虫龄期及整个成虫期的每日取食量和总取食量。【结果】基于其多食性特征和存在多种食物来源的情况,所有测试中均只提供最为偏好的寄主植物。在研究的4种害虫中,观察到相同的取食率模式,取食率随着若虫龄期的增加而逐步增加。4种害虫的雌虫取食量均显著高于雄虫,且成虫期害虫的取食量显著高于幼期。各龄若虫和成虫的取食量与对应的若虫或成虫历期明显相关。就整个生活期的取食量和平均存活率而言,暗翅剑角蝗A.exaltata和中华板胸蝗S.pr.prasiniferum的亲缘关系比其他两种昆虫略近。就整个生活期的取食量和平均存活率而言,单化性害虫(等岐蔗蝗H.banian)和二化性害虫(暗翅剑角蝗A.exaltata)比另外两种近缘的多化性害虫(中华板胸蝗S.pr.prasiniferum和O.fuscovittata)的亲缘关系更近一些。【结论】寿命长的物种(每年可完成1~2个世代)在取食潜力方面比寿命短的物种(每年完成2代以上的世代)更具有可比性。通过对多个不同化性的害虫物种的研究,使我们在这方面能达到更全面的认识。
[Purpose] The pest feeding potential reflects its ecological and economic characteristics, which contribute to the expansion of its control measures. Can pest species be grouped by their relatives, and their feed intake quantified during development or maturity? Knowing the feeding patterns of different pest species can help answer this question. 【Method】 The phylogenetic relationships among four species of Acrididae, Hieroglyphus banian (Fab.), Acrida exaltata (Walk.), Spathosternum prasiniferum prasiniferum (Walk.) And Oxya fuscovittata (Mars.), The daily feed intake and total feed intake of four pest species were estimated. [Results] Based on their multi-diet characteristics and the presence of multiple food sources, only the most preferred host plants were provided in all the tests. Among the four pests studied, the same feeding pattern was observed and the feeding rate increased gradually with the increase of nymphae age. The fecundity of the four species of pests was significantly higher than that of the males, and the adult pests consumed significantly more food than the young ones. The feeding amount of nymphs and adults of each instar was obviously related to the corresponding nymphs or adults. The relatives of A.exaltata and S.pr. Prasiniferum were somewhat closer to each other than the other two species in terms of overall food intake and average survival over the life of the species. In terms of overall food intake and average survival rate throughout the life cycle, the single pests (H. banian) and the secondary pests (A. exaltata) are more closely related to the other two Multiple sex pests (S.pr. Prasiniferum and O. fuscovittata) are more closely related. 【Conclusion】 Long-lived species (1-2 generations per year) are more comparable in terms of their feeding potential than shorter-lived species (more than two generations are completed annually). Through the study of several diverse pest species, we can achieve a more comprehensive understanding in this respect.