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普查(Screening),又可称为粗筛,是指在一定范围内对一定人群的全部人口进行调查的常用方法。在流行病学的领域里,普查可以在较短时期内为我们提供某些慢性疾病在地域、人群的分布情况;对反复进行的普查还可以提供某些疾病在时间方面变迁的资料;还有助于发现的病例得到早期诊治,并促进痊愈和延长生命。如果对普查资料作进一步分析,还可以为病因探索和采取预防对策提供重要依据。一、普查前的准备普查工作往往是涉及面广,动员人力、物力较多,耗资较大的一件工作。因此,要慎重从事!特别是在决定开展某项普查之前,要确定如下几方面的问题。
Screening, also known as coarse screening, is a common method of surveying the entire population of a certain population within a certain range. In the field of epidemiology, the census can provide us with the distribution of certain chronic diseases in regions and people within a relatively short period of time. It can also provide information on the changes of certain diseases over time in the case of repeated surveys. Helps to find cases to get early diagnosis and treatment, and to promote recovery and prolong life. If the census data is further analyzed, it can also provide an important basis for etiological exploration and taking preventive measures. I. Preparation before the census The census work is often a job involving a wide range of people, mobilizing more manpower and material resources and spending more money. Therefore, we must be cautious! In particular, before deciding to conduct a census, we must determine the following aspects.