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目的评价宁夏回族自治区城镇社区进行高血压健康知识教育和健康促进干预策略的有效性。方法对采取分层整群随机抽取的12个城镇社区843例高血压患者采用集中授课、发放宣传材料等健康教育措施,对比干预前后高血压患者的治疗率、控制率和体质指数(BMI)达标情况以及不良生活方式改变情况。结果健康干预后,与干预前比较所纳入高血压患者的治疗率(48.44%vs.58.50%)、血压控制达标率(40.95%vs.71.56%)、BMI达标率(37.82%vs.49.66%)均升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预前后平均收缩压[(137.70±14.83)mmHgvs.(136.09±11.08)mmHg]及舒张压[(84.59±10.55)mmHgvs.(83.23±7.11)mmHg]下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);高血压危险因素,吸烟率(16.03%vs.10.33%)和饮酒率(9.51%vs.6.66%)下降;合理运动率(21.36%vs.50.20%)和低盐饮食率(8.57%vs.19.46%)升高,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论社区健康教育能够提高居民健康生活水平,健康干预对高血压控制具有良好的促进作用。
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of intervention strategies for health education and health promotion of hypertension in urban communities in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Methods A total of 843 hypertensive patients from 12 urban communities randomly selected by stratified cluster were enrolled in this study. Health education measures such as centralized teaching and publicity materials were issued to compare the treatment rate, control rate and body mass index (BMI) of hypertensive patients before and after intervention Situation and changes in unhealthy lifestyles. Results After intervention, the treatment rate (48.44% vs.58.50%), blood pressure control rate (40.95% vs.71.56%), BMI rate (37.82% vs.49.66%) were higher than those before intervention (P <0.05). Before and after treatment, mean systolic blood pressure (137.70 ± 14.83) mmHg vs (136.09 ± 11.08) mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (84.59 ± 10.55) mmHgvs. (83.23 ± Smoking rate (16.03% vs.10.33%) and drinking rate (9.51% vs.6.66%) decreased; the rate of reasonable exercise (21.36 % vs.50.20%) and low salt diet (8.57% vs.19.46%), all of which were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Community health education can improve residents’ healthy living standards, and health interventions have a good effect on the control of hypertension.