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本文叙述了从含铀锗褐煤灰的浸出液中萃取锗的研究。通过不同萃取剂的筛选,提出了癸基异羟肟酸和三脂肪胺两种萃取锗的萃取剂。测定了锗的萃取率、萃取剂的水溶性、锗反萃取率等。结果表明,此两种萃取剂都能完成从含锗溶液中萃取锗的要求。癸基异羟萃酸肟取锗的能力强、分相快,能在较大酸度范围内萃取锗。用三脂肪胺萃取锗需加入酒石酸,当H_4C_4O_6/Ge摩尔比为4时,锗的萃取率较高。
This article describes the extraction of germanium from leachate containing germanium-germanium brown coal ash. Through the screening of different extractants, two extractants of decylhydroxamic acid and three aliphatic amines were proposed. The extraction rate of germanium, water solubility of extractant, germanium extraction rate and so on were determined. The results show that both extractants can complete the extraction of germanium from germanium containing solution. Decyl isohydroxamic acid oxime to take the ability of germanium, phase fast, can extract germanium in a larger range of acidity. The extraction of germanium with tertiary aliphatic amine requires the addition of tartaric acid. When the molar ratio of H_4C_4O_6 / Ge is 4, the extraction rate of germanium is higher.