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【目的】为了明确秋季温度升高对桃小食心虫Carposina sasakii Matsumura耐寒性的影响,针对桃小食心虫滞育过程的生理指标进行了一系列研究。【方法】在GXZ-0450型智能光照培养箱中,温度为26~18,26~20,26~22,28~18,28~20,28~22,30~18,30~20和30~22℃9组变温下(高温10 h,低温14 h,相对湿度70%~80%,光周期为12L∶12D)分别诱导桃小食心虫滞育,再对滞育幼虫过冷却点(supercooling point,SCP)、结冰点(freezing point,FP)以及体内水、脂肪和小分子糖醇类物质含量进行测定。【结果】在适宜滞育的光照下变温不会影响桃小食心虫的滞育率,所有脱果的老熟幼虫全部进入滞育,但其生理指标却有很大差异,其中SCP和FP在较高日高温下较高(SCP:F135,2=23.83,P<0.001;FP:F135,2=47.64,P<0.0001),而在较高夜低温下反而较低(SCP:F135,2=52.88,P<0.0001;FP:F135,2=33.34,P<0.0001)。含水量随夜低温和日高温升高显著升高(夜低温:F135,2=13.47,P<0.0001;日高温:F135,2=10.39,P<0.0001)。脂肪含量随夜低温升高下降(F135,2=40.91,P<0.0001),随日高温升高而上升(F135,2=161.18,P<0.0001)。小分子糖醇类物质含量随温度的变化各不相同,但差异均显著(P<0.0001):其中海藻糖、葡萄糖和赤藓糖醇的含量随夜低温升高而下降,但在日高温30℃时海藻糖和赤藓糖醇的含量却随夜温的升高而升高,葡萄糖的含量随夜低温的变化无差异;甘油随日高温的升高而显著升高,随夜低温的升高而显著下降;山梨醇和肌醇的含量随夜低温和日高温的变化差异很大。【结论】桃小食心虫不同温度下诱导滞育的幼虫SCP、FP、水、脂肪和小分子糖醇类含量存在明显差异。滞育诱导期温度对桃小食心虫幼虫的滞育生理有重要的作用,其滞育幼虫起始生理差别可能会影响其越冬。
【Objective】 In order to clarify the effect of autumn temperature on the cold tolerance of Carposina sasakii Matsumura, a series of physiological indexes of the diapause process were studied. 【Method】 In the GXZ-0450 intelligent light incubator, the temperature was 26-18, 26-20, 26-22, 28-18, 28-20, 28-22, 30-18, 30-20 and 30- 22 ℃ 9 groups of variable temperature (high temperature 10 h, low temperature 14 h, relative humidity 70% ~ 80%, photoperiod 12L: 12D) were induced peach moth diapause, and then diapause larvae supercooling point SCP, freezing point (FP) and water, fat and small molecule sugar alcohols in the body were measured. 【Result】 The change of temperature did not affect the diapause rate of Peach moth under the suitable diapause. All the mature deciduous larvae entered into the diapause, but their physiological indexes were quite different. (SCP: F135, 2 = 23.83, P <0.001; FP: F135, 2 = 47.64, P <0.0001) but lower at higher night temperatures (SCP: F135,2 = 52.88 , P <0.0001; FP: F135, 2 = 33.34, P <0.0001). Water content increased significantly with increasing night and day temperature (night temperature: F135,2 = 13.47, P <0.0001; daily temperature: F135,2 = 10.39, P <0.0001). The fat content decreased with the increase of night temperature (F135,2 = 40.91, P <0.0001) and increased with the increase of daily temperature (F135,2 = 161.18, P <0.0001). The content of small molecule sugar alcohols varied with temperature, but the difference was significant (P <0.0001): the contents of trehalose, glucose and erythritol decreased with the increase of night temperature, but at high temperature 30 ℃, the content of trehalose and erythritol increased with the increase of night temperature, the content of glucose had no difference with the change of night temperature; the glycerol increased significantly with the increase of day temperature, High and significantly decreased; sorbitol and inositol content with the night temperature and daily high temperature changes vary widely. 【Conclusion】 The contents of SCP, FP, water, fat and small molecule sugar alcohols of larvae induced by diapause at different temperatures were obviously different. The diapause induction temperature plays an important role in diapause physiology of peach moth larvae, and the initial physiological differences of diapause larvae may affect their winter survival.