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我国有1173个(2011年数)民族乡,其中湖南为99个。推动民族乡发展对于做好基层民族工作,促进民族团结,维护社会稳定,加快经济社会发展,具有十分重要的作用。然而,有调研显示,由于我国民族乡大多地处边远山区、牧区、高寒地区,产业结构单一,自然经济、半自然经济仍然占主导地位,缺乏新的经济增长点,发展后劲不足,导致经济发展滞后,群众收入较低。(中央民族干部学院调研组,《民族乡发展,亟待更多政策支持》,2012年4月27日中国民族报)如何改变民族乡发展并不乐观的现状?全国各地都在尝试新的出路。今夏,湖南民族团结进步集中采访报道组来到位于武陵山片区的邵阳市新宁县,发现该县抓住特色资源,将资源优势转化为经济优势。在其辖区内的黄金和麻林两个瑶族乡,因地制宜,依托瑶乡的地理资源、气候资源和环境资源等发展特色产业,呈现一派蓬勃发展景象。
There are 1173 ethnic townships in our country (in 2011), of which 99 are in Hunan. Promoting the development of ethnic townships is very important for doing well the work of grassroots ethnic groups, promoting national unity, safeguarding social stability and accelerating economic and social development. However, some surveys show that since most of our ethnic townships are located in remote mountainous areas, pastoral areas and alpine areas, the industrial structure is single and the natural economy is still dominant. Semi-natural economy still dominates, lack of new economic growth points, insufficient development potential and economic development Lag, people’s income is lower. (Research Team of the Central Ethnic Cadre Institute, “Development of Ethnic Townships Demanding More Policy Support”, China National Paper, April 27, 2012) How to change the unsatisfactory situation in the development of ethnic townships? All over the country are trying new approaches. This summer, Hunan’s ethnic unity and progress concentrated interviewed the report group came to Xinning County, Shaoyang City, located in the Wuling Mountain Area and found that the county seized the characteristic resources and turned the resource advantages into economic advantages. In its area of gold and Ma Lin two Yao Township, according to local conditions, relying on Yao Township’s geographical resources, climate resources and environmental resources and other development of special industries, showing a thriving scene.