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中国出口价格不论与发达国家相比,还是与发展中国家相比,都显著偏低,而且产品的技术等级越高,价格差别就越大,这与近年来中国出口贸易结构的显著改善背道而驰。究其原因,在于加工贸易是中国出口贸易的主体这一特殊性所致。如果排除加工贸易,中国出口产品的技术含量多年来没有明显增加,这导致中国出口价格一直居于世界低位,这需要引起我们的警惕。随着中国劳动力短缺情形的逐步显现和人民币汇率的升值,中国低成本的优势正逐步丧失,中国应利用过渡期尽快实现加工贸易的转型升级,强化产品定价的话语权,这对中国未来经济的持续发展是至关重要的。
China’s export prices are significantly lower than those in developed countries or those in developing countries, and the higher the technical grade of products, the greater the price difference, which runs counter to the remarkable improvement in China’s export trade structure in recent years. The reason is that the processing trade is the main body of China’s export trade this particularity. Excluding the processing trade, the technical content of China’s exports has not increased significantly in recent years, which has led China’s export prices to stay at a low level in the world. This needs our vigilance. With the gradual appearance of China’s labor shortage and the appreciation of the RMB exchange rate, the advantages of low-cost in China are gradually being lost. China should make full use of the transformation and upgrading of processing trade as soon as possible during the transitional period to strengthen the right of discourse on product pricing. This is of great significance to China’s future economic Sustainable development is crucial.