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用氢还原氧化铜(Ⅱ)和氧化亚铜(Ⅰ)的实验,精确度高,再现性也好。它的化学变化可以用简单的化学方程式来表示,然而,这个实验用氢作为还原剂的缺点是:装置复杂,常常引起爆炸事故,危险性高等。为此,曾经尝试用丙烷或瓦斯(煤气)来代替氢,但很难说,比前者好。因此,笔者就采用较简单安全地还原氧化铜的方法进行探索。其中,用甲醇还原氧化铜的方法,可考虑在初中或高中采用。一、方法1 实验装置及其特点实验装置如图1所示。把能承受强热的玻璃棉,装在试管(21mm)的底部,使它浸泡在甲醇里。
Experiments using hydrogen to reduce copper (II) oxide and cuprous oxide (I) have high accuracy and good reproducibility. Its chemical changes can be represented by simple chemical equations. However, the disadvantage of using hydrogen as a reducing agent in this experiment is that the device is complex and often causes explosion accidents with high danger. For this reason, propane or gas (gas) was tried instead of hydrogen, but it is hard to say that it is better than the former. Therefore, the author explores the method of reducing copper oxide more simply and safely. Among them, the method of reducing copper oxide with methanol can be considered in junior high school or high school. I. Method 1 The experimental device and its characteristic experimental device are shown in Fig. 1. Glass wool, which can withstand intense heat, is placed on the bottom of a test tube (21mm) and soaked in methanol.