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为了研究覆岩隔水层的稳定性,预防煤矿顶板突水灾害,实现保水采煤,本文将单一岩层形成的顶板隔水层简化为地基上四边固支的薄板,考虑了隔水层以下破碎岩体对隔水层的支撑作用,根据能量法推导了其挠度以及应力表达式,得到了覆岩隔水层应力分布特性,求出了临界载荷随工作面推进距离的变化规律,并结合具体工程实例,利用数值模拟软件进行了覆岩隔水层稳定性分析。研究结果表明:1)煤层开采后,覆岩隔水层在长边边缘中间应力最大,容易发生破坏;2)破碎岩体的支撑作用对隔水层的稳定性具有重要的影响,煤层采厚越小,破碎岩体对覆岩隔水的支撑作用越强,隔水层越不容易破断。研究成果可为煤矿顶板防治水研究以及保水采煤实践提供一定的参考。
In order to study the stability of overburden strata and prevent water inrush from coal mine roof and to achieve water-conserving coal mining, this paper simplifies the roof aquitard formed by a single rock formation as a thin slab anchored on four sides of foundation, The supporting function of the rock mass to the aquitard, the deflection and the stress expression are deduced according to the energy method, and the stress distribution characteristics of the aqueduct is obtained. The variation law of the critical load with the advancing distance of the working face is obtained, Engineering example, the stability analysis of overburden aquifer was carried out by numerical simulation software. The results show that: 1) After the coal seam is mined, the middle layer of the aqueduct at the long edge is the most prone to damage; 2) The supporting effect of the crushed rock mass has an important influence on the stability of the aquitard; The smaller, the stronger the supporting effect of broken rock mass on the waterproofing of overlying strata, the less it is easy to break the aquitard. The research results can provide certain reference for coal roof water prevention and control and water-holding and coal-mining practice.