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预期标记不论在广义的语用标记还是在特定的言据范畴中都有其重要作用。本文通过平行语料库与可比语料库相结合的方法探讨了英语预期标记actually、really和in fact与其汉语对应标记实际上、真正和事实上的跨语言对应关系及其互译度双向不均衡的成因。研究表明:1)英汉预期标记的语义场相互重叠的程度不同,双向对应关系呈现出不同的图景;2)英汉预期标记的互译强度不同,双向对应关系并不均衡;3)就预期标记及其翻译对等项在源语和译语中的分布来说,从英语出发和从汉语出发所得出的差异显著性检验的结果并不相同。我们发现,搭配特征、语义映射和语用含意有可能是导致英汉预期标记互译度失衡亦即英汉双向对应关系不均衡的因素。
Expected markings have an important role in both generalized pragmatic marking and in specific areas of speech. In this paper, by means of a combination of parallel corpora and comparable corpus, this paper explores the relationship between true and de facto cross-lingual correspondences and their bi-directional imbalances between English expected markers actually, really and in fact and their Chinese counterparts. The results show that: 1) the semantic fields of English and Chinese prospective markers overlap with each other to some extent, the two-way correspondence shows a different picture; 2) the expected strength of translation between English and Chinese is different and the bidirectional correspondence is not balanced; 3) For the translation equivalence between source language and target language, the result of significance test of difference from English and from Chinese is not the same. We find that collocation characteristics, semantic mapping and pragmatic implications may be the factors leading to the imbalance of mutual translation between English and Chinese expectation labels, that is, the two-way correspondence between English and Chinese.