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目的了解2009—2014年许昌市手足口病(HFMD)流行病学特征,为制定预防控制措施提供依据。方法自《中国疾病预防控制信息系统》下载许昌市HFMD报告发病数据(按发病日期统计),病原学检测结果来源于许昌市疾病预防控制中心实验室病毒核酸检测结果,对数据进行统计处理和描述分析。结果共报告HFMD 35 615例,年均发病率138.85/10万;死亡13例,年均死亡率为0.05/10万。重症患者2 407例。男女性别比为1.76∶1。发病年龄以≤3岁儿童为主,占90.71%;以散居儿童发病为主,共报告29 259例,占患者总数的82.15%;发病高峰为4—7月份;重症患者的病原EV71所占比例为78.52%(914/1 164),普通患者为20.14%(464/2 304),差异有统计学意义(χ2=62.74,P<0.05)。结论许昌市HFMD以EV 71型感染为主,警惕优势病毒株的改变。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in Xuchang City from 2009 to 2014 and provide basis for prevention and control measures. Methods The data of incidence of HFMD in Xuchang City (according to the date of onset) were downloaded from “China Disease Prevention and Control Information System”. The results of pathogen detection were from the results of nucleic acid detection in laboratory of Xuchang CDC, and the data were statistically processed and described analysis. Results A total of 615 615 HFMD cases were reported, with an average annual incidence of 138.85 / 100 000; 13 died and the annual average death rate was 0.05 / 100 000. 2 407 cases of critically ill patients. Male to female ratio was 1.76: 1. The age of onset was mainly children ≤3 years old, accounting for 90.71%. The incidence of diaspora was the most common. A total of 29 259 cases were reported, accounting for 82.15% of the total number of cases. The peak incidence was from April to July. The proportion of pathogenic EV71 in critically ill patients The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 62.74, P <0.05), 78.52% (914/1 164) and 20.14% (464/2 304) respectively. Conclusion Xuchang HFMD is predominantly infected with EV 71 and vigilant to the changes of dominant virus strains.