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目的了解重庆市九龙坡区居民高血压病患病现状及相关影响因素,为开展高血压综合防治工作提供建议。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,对九龙坡区4个街镇12个居委会(村)的18岁以上的常住居民1 200人进行问卷调查及身体检测。采用SPSS19.0统计分析高血压患病率,χ~2检验与多因素logistic回归分析高血压影响因素。结果九龙坡区居民高血压患病率24.58%、年龄标化患病率23.03%;logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄大(OR=2.03,95%CI:1.80~2.30,P=0.000)、高血压家族史(OR=2.26,95%CI:1.53~3.34,P=0.00)、盐摄入过多(OR=1.73,95%CI:1.18~2.52,P=0.00)、血脂异常(OR=51.36,95%CI:28.07~94.79,P=0.00)、超重肥胖(OR=2.23,95%CI:1.53~3.23,P=0.00)、代谢综合征(OR=2.88,95%CI:1.77~4.67,P=0.00)是高血压病的独立危险因素。结论重庆市九龙坡区居民高血压患病率处于较高水平,膳食不合理、身体活动不足等危险因素普遍存在,应采取有效措施加以控制。
Objective To understand the prevalence of hypertension in residents of Jiulongpo District in Chongqing and its related factors, and to provide suggestions for the prevention and control of hypertension. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to conduct questionnaires and physical tests on 1,200 permanent residents over the age of 18 in 12 neighborhood committees (villages) in 4 street towns in Jiulongpo District. The prevalence of hypertension was analyzed by SPSS 19.0, and the influencing factors of hypertension were analyzed byχ ~ 2 test and multivariate logistic regression. Results The prevalence of hypertension was 24.58% in Jiulongpo District, and the age-standardized prevalence rate was 23.03%. Logistic regression analysis showed that the prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher in older patients (OR = 2.03,95% CI: 1.80-2.30, P = 0.000) Family history (OR = 2.26, 95% CI: 1.53-3.34, P = 0.00), excessive salt intake (OR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.18-2.52, P = 0.00), dyslipidemia (OR = 51.36, (OR = 2.88, 95% CI: 1.77-4.67, P = 0.00), P = 0.00), overweight and obesity (OR = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.53-3.23, P = 0.00) = 0.00) is an independent risk factor for hypertension. Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension among residents in Jiulongpo District of Chongqing City is at a high level. There are many risk factors such as unreasonable diet and insufficient physical activity, and effective measures should be taken to control them.