一个游牧帝国的苍凉背影

• 作 者: 葛剑雄
• 出 处: 商务旅行
• 发表日期: 2007年12期
• 关键词: 逐水草而居 中国史 黄河流域 四时捺钵 长江流域 辽朝 契丹人 农耕民族 塔纳湖 耶稣会士

熟悉中国史的人都知道,匈奴等游牧民族都有“逐水草而居”的特点,它们的首领也不例外,所以这些游牧民族首领所处的“牙帐”、“大营”并不固定,往往随不同的季节、气候等自然条件而迁徙。一旦它们入主中原,成了黄河流域甚至长江流域的主人,才会选择固定的首领。当它们既统治游牧民族,又拥

Those familiar with Chinese history know that the nomadic ethnic groups such as the Huns and other nomadic people have the characteristic of “grazing by water and living in grassland” and their chiefs are no exception. Therefore, these nomadic leaders are in large numbers Camp "is not fixed, often with different seasons, climate and other natural conditions and migration. Once they enter the Central Plains, the Yellow River basin has become the owner of the Yangtze River Basin, will choose a fixed leader. When they both ruled nomads, and hold