文学作品阅读中不可忽视的背景因素--以文艺复兴与启蒙运动的比较为例

• 作 者: 包曙光
• 机 构: 上海市虹口区,
• 出 处: 考试周刊
• 发表日期: 2016年56期
• 关键词: 文艺复兴 启蒙运动 思想解放 人文主义

对于英语文学作品的阅读和理解,从来不该忽视作品的文化和时代背景。文艺复兴和启蒙运动是欧洲历史上两次著名的思想解放运动。从人类历史的角度看,它们对当今的世界有重要的影响。文艺复兴开创了人文主义时代的到来,挑战了教堂的权威。启蒙运动则创造了自由,平等和天赋人权等近代社会制度的新概念,进一步摆脱了人们在封建制度下所受的束缚。英国的文学作品在这两段历史时期都不同程度地受到这两次运动的影响。对比这两者的方方面面,能使我们对这两个时代及其前后产生的作品有更全面的理解。

For the reading and comprehension of English literature, we should never neglect the cultural and historical background of the work. The Renaissance and the Enlightenment were two well-known ideological emancipation campaigns in European history. From the perspective of human history, they have an important influence on the present-day world. The Renaissance opened the era of humanism and challenged the authority of the church. The Enlightenment created a new concept of modern social system such as freedom, equality and natural human rights, and further got rid of the shackles of people under the feudal system. Both literary works in the United Kingdom were influenced by these two movements to varying degrees during these two historical periods. Comparing each of these two aspects allows us to have a more complete understanding of the works produced in these two times and before and after.