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干扰素是表皮细胞因病毒感染而诱发产生的一种糖朊。从1957年发现以来,研究者曾期望通过服用干扰素或某些化学物质来激发、增进人体干扰素,以预防感冒和其他病毒感染。但要获得足够的人体干扰素,并找出预防感冒所必需的适当用量用于临床试验,还是有困难的。在寻找既有效又无危害的化学诱导物质方面也存在困难。合成的RNA即PolyI:C,在组织培养和动物试验中似乎特别有希望。然而,国立过敏性传染病研究院用PolyI:C在人类中作为感冒预防剂时,却没有得到预期的效果。
Interferon is a glycogen induced by epidermal cells due to viral infection. Since its discovery in 1957, researchers have expected to stimulate and enhance human interferons by taking interferons or certain chemicals to prevent colds and other viral infections. However, it is still difficult to obtain enough human interferon and to find the appropriate dosage for the prevention of a cold for clinical trials. There are also difficulties in finding chemically-induced substances that are both effective and harmless. The synthetic RNA, PolyI: C, appears to be particularly promising in tissue culture and animal experiments. However, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases did not achieve the desired results when PolyI: C was used as a cold preventant in humans.