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问题一:对银行的假设—公法人?私法人?银行作为执行货币政策、稳定金融、作为公众存款或者投资以及提供金融服务的媒介,是一种准公共企业,在一国经济中扮演重要角色。但是银行作为一种特殊的企业,它在承担着国民经济宏观调控机制的传导职能的同时也有追求利润最大化的一面。而且个别银行机构的支付风险具有传导和扩散效应,对不能支付到期债务的商业银行断然采取破产还债措施可能会引发系统性或局部性的金融风险。因此有必要对银行的准入,操作和监管实行特殊的规则。
Question 1: The Bank’s Assumption - Public Legal Person and Private Legal Person Bank As a medium for implementing monetary policy, stabilizing finance, depositing or investing as a public, and providing financial services, banks are quasi-public enterprises that play an important role in the economy of a country. However, banks, as a special kind of enterprise, have the function of maximizing profit while undertaking the conductive function of macroeconomic regulation and control of the national economy. Moreover, the payment risk of individual banking institutions has the effect of transmission and proliferation. The bankruptcy and debt repayment measures of commercial banks that can not pay due debts may lead to systemic or partial financial risks. Therefore, it is necessary to impose special rules on the access, operation and supervision of banks.