论文部分内容阅读
作者认为今后20年中,药物治疗将有根本的变化,不但有新药,而且对现在难以控制的疾病也会有新的有效疗法。他特别阐述了下列几种有前途的新药或研制新药的途径;(1)免疫调节剂:包括干扰素和现在正在加速研究的白细胞介素2。这种制剂将用于免疫缺陷病、器官移植、加强免疫系统的某些部分或改善对新生癌细胞的监视;(2)神经传递介质:可能会用于治疗巴金森氏病等一些难治的神经病:(3)亲神经激素:可能用于治疗退变性神经病;(4)改变情绪的药:内啡肽的止痛作用是改变情绪而不是阻断疼痛刺激,将来可能在止痛方面用得很多,安定药可能也有类似情况;(5)基因工程:有广泛使用的前景,在医学上可有3方面的用途,即生产大量医用物质,校正遗传病和预防癌;(6)单克隆抗体:在治疗方面有广泛用途,包括治疗癌、传染病及使骨髓移植植活;(7)前列腺素:可能用作抗凝剂、预防心肌梗塞和消化性溃疡、治疗气喘;(8)疫苗:这是防治病毒病最有希望的途径,这方面的一个进展是将能制成有多种保护作用的合成疫苗。作者还认为在药物输送系统(药物载体)方面也正在发生重大的革命,主要是使用多种方法,使药物有控制地释放和定向释放,以提高药效。
The author believes that in the next 20 years, there will be fundamental changes in medical treatment, not only new drugs, but also new and effective treatments for diseases that are beyond our control. He highlighted several promising new drugs or ways to develop new drugs; (1) Immunomodulators: Interferons and interleukin 2, which is now being accelerated. Such preparations will be used in immunodeficiency diseases, organ transplants, to strengthen certain parts of the immune system or to improve the monitoring of newborn cancer cells; (2) neurotransmitters: may be used to treat some refractory diseases such as Parkinson’s disease Neuropathy: (3) pro-neurohormones: may be used to treat degenerative neuropathy; (4) drugs to change emotions: Endorphin analgesic effect is to change the mood rather than blocking the pain stimuli, the future may be used much in pain relief, (5) Genetic engineering: a widely used prospect, there are three medical purposes that can produce large amounts of medical substances, correct genetic diseases and prevent cancer; (6) Monoclonal antibodies: (7) prostaglandins: may be used as anticoagulants to prevent myocardial infarction and peptic ulcer, the treatment of asthma; (8) vaccine: This is the treatment of a wide range of uses, including the treatment of cancer, infectious diseases and transplantation of bone marrow transplant; One of the most promising avenues for combating viral diseases is the development of synthetic vaccines that will have multiple protective roles. The authors also believe that a major revolution is under way in drug delivery systems (drug carriers), mainly using a variety of methods to achieve controlled release and targeted release of the drug to enhance efficacy.