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心脏起搏的途径主要有两种,即经静脉途径的石心室心内膜起搏法,和经外科手术(开胸,经纵隔或经剑突)直接在心外膜或心肌内缝合电极的方法。毫无疑问,经静脉心内膜电极起搏法对病人创伤小,因此当病情危重、或急性心肌梗塞后并发之完全性房室传导阻滞做为临时起搏目的有着极大的优越性。但心内膜起搏的并发症较直接手术的方法为多,如电极移位致起搏失灵,心室穿孔、血行感染等。手术
There are two main approaches to cardiac pacing: the intravenous route of the stone ventricular endocardial pacing method and the method of suturing electrodes directly in the epicardium or myocardium surgically (thoracotomy, mediastinum or xiphoid) . Undoubtedly, traumatic intravenous endocardial pacing leads to less trauma to the patient, so when the condition is critically ill, or a complete atrioventricular block followed by acute myocardial infarction is of great advantage as a temporary pacing target. However, the complications of endocardial pacing more than the direct surgical methods, such as electrode displacement caused by pacing failure, ventricular perforation, bloodstream infections. surgery