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１９８６～１９９３年研究结果表明：水稻可根据颈穗弯曲度划分为直立、半直立和弯曲３种穗型；穗型与群体生理生态特性有密切关系，直立穗型群体结构合理，冠层光照强度、温度、湿度及ＣＯ２答等生态条件优越，中后期群体生长率高；直立穗型有利于提高耐肥抗倒性，与结实性、病虫害抗性及品质等并无直接关系；直立穗型生物产量高，缓和了穗数与穗粒数的矛盾，产量潜力大；直立穗型是由１对显性主效基因控制的，与株高等形态、解剖性状有密切关系。根据上述结果，笔者认为直立穗型可能是继矮化和理想株型以后水稻株型适应超高产要求的又一重要形态进化．
From 1986 to 1993, the results showed that rice could be divided into upright, semi-erect and curved according to the curvature of neck. The relationship between panicle type and population ecophysiological characteristics was closely related. The structure of erect panicle type was reasonable and the canopy illumination intensity , Temperature, humidity and CO2 were superior ecological conditions, and the population growth rate was high in middle and late stages. Erect panicle was beneficial to improve the resistance to lodging, but had no direct relationship with the resistance to disease and pest and quality. Erect panicle The yield was high, and the contradiction between panicle number and grain number was alleviated. The yield potential was large. Erect panicle type was controlled by dominant dominant gene, which was closely related to the morphological and anatomical characteristics of plant height. Based on the above results, the author believes that the erect panicle may be another important morphological evolution of the rice plant adapted to the requirements of super high yield following the dwarfing and ideal plant type.