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农房建筑,一般荷载小重量轻,在季节冻土地区由于地基土的冻胀与融沉作用,基础容易产生不均匀变形而发生冻害.根据新疆石河子垦区国营农场调查,有些位于地势低凹地下水位高土层含水量大和盐碱土处的生产连队,就有30％左右的农房建筑出现不同程度的冻害。冻害的普遍现象是裂缝。在调查中发现,基础在不均匀冻拔和融沉下,房屋墙好似一个受弯的梁,在与主拉应力垂直的方向出现斜裂缝。斜裂缝出现的部位一般在后墙与侧墙联接附近处。由于门窗上下口处的刚度较弱,在门窗的上下角处也出现斜裂缝。在房屋的转角及内外墙联接处由于受剪力作用则多出现垂直裂缝。冻害的另一种现象是倾斜,一般出现在围墙一类建筑物上。倾斜发生在春季,当春季化冻时,阳面先融,阴面融化下沉晚,因此产生不均匀下沉,一般东
Rural housing construction, generally with small loads and light weight, due to frost heaving and sinking effects of foundation soil in seasonally frozen ground areas, the foundation is prone to inhomogeneous deformation and freezing damage. According to state-owned farm survey in Shihezizi District of Xinjiang, some are located in low-lying groundwater For a production company with a high soil moisture content and a saline-alkali soil, about 30% of rural building constructions have different degrees of frost damage. The common phenomenon of frost damage is cracks. In the investigation, it was found that the foundation wall under asymmetric freezing and sinking, the house wall resembles a bent beam, and diagonal cracks appear in the direction perpendicular to the principal tensile stress. Oblique cracks generally appear in the vicinity of the back wall and side wall joints. Due to the weak stiffness at the upper and lower doors and windows, diagonal cracks also appear at the upper and lower corners of the doors and windows. In the corners of houses and the joints between inner and outer walls, due to the shear force, vertical cracks appear. Another phenomenon of frost damage is tilting, which generally occurs on a type of walled building. Tilting occurs in the spring. When the spring freezes, the sun’s surface melts first, and the cloudy side melts and sinks later, resulting in uneven sinking, generally east