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目的了解2009-2014年渭南市手足口病的流行病学特征,探讨手足口病流行现状及趋势,为制定有效的防控策略提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学分析方法,对2010-2014年渭南市的手足口病个案资料进行分析。采集所有诊断为重症的手足口病病例肛拭子标本,采用RT-PCR检测方法进行病原学检测。结果渭南市2010-2014年共计报告手足口病病例46 321例,年均发病率为185.66/10万,2012年发病率最低,2014年最高,年均病死率为0.05%,重症率为1.58%;男性发病率高于女性;2~岁组发病率最高;5月为大高峰,10~11月为发病次高峰;农村发病率高于城市;EV 71是重症的优势病原。结论渭南市手足口病呈高流行态势,发病呈现明显的季节和地区的聚集性,农村2~岁组儿童为防控重点人群。群众就诊意识变差,应积极采取综合性防控措施,加强宣传,减少发病和死亡。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Weinan from 2009 to 2014 and to explore the current status and trends of hand-foot-mouth disease epidemic in order to provide basis for effective prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze the case data of HFMD in Weinan from 2010 to 2014. Collect all the anal swab specimens of HFMD cases diagnosed as severe, and use the method of RT-PCR to detect the etiology. Results A total of 46 321 hand-foot-mouth disease cases were reported in Weinan from 2010 to 2014, with an average annual incidence of 185.66 / 100 000. The lowest incidence rate in 2012 was the highest in 2014 with an annual average of 0.05% mortality rate and 1.58% The prevalence rate was higher in males than in females. The incidence was the highest in 2 ~ age group. The peak was in May and the next peak in 10-11 months. The incidence in rural areas was higher than that in urban areas. EV 71 was the predominant predominant pathogen. Conclusion Hand-foot-mouth disease in Weinan City was in a high-prevalence situation with obvious seasonal and regional aggregation. The children aged 2 to 10 years in rural areas were the key prevention and control groups. Disadvantaged treatment of the masses, comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to step up publicity to reduce morbidity and mortality.