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目的了解2006～2009年北京市房山区学校及托幼机构水痘的流行病学特征,为制定水痘的预防控制措施提供依据。方法对2006～2009年北京市房山区学校及托幼机构水痘报告病例资料进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2006～2009年共报告房山区学校及托幼机构水痘病例2343例,年均发病率为65.33/10万。发病主要集中在4～6月和11月～次年1月,占全年发病的75.3%;全区均有发病,主要分布在人口密度较大的乡镇;托幼儿童和小学生是水痘的高发人群(75.2%),大学生水痘发病例数在各年的构成比有逐年增加的趋势;约有32.3%的病例有疫苗免疫接种史。结论应加强冬季和春末夏初小学生及托幼儿童水痘疫情的预防与控制,采取有效措施做好水痘防病知识宣传和疫苗接种工作。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of chickenpox in schools and nurseries of Fangshan District in Beijing from 2006 to 2009 and provide the basis for the prevention and control of chickenpox. Methods A descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on case reports of chickenpox in schools and nurseries of Fangshan District in Beijing from 2006 to 2009. Results A total of 2343 chickenpox cases were reported from schools and nurseries in Fangshan District from 2006 to 2009, with an average annual incidence of 65.33 / 100 000. The incidence mainly concentrated in 4 ~ June and November ~ January the following year, accounting for 75.3% of the annual incidence; all have incidence in the region, mainly in villages and towns with population density; child care and primary school children are the high incidence of chickenpox Population (75.2%), the incidence of college student chickenpox in each year the composition of the trend has increased year by year; about 32.3% of cases have a history of vaccine immunization. Conclusion Prevention and control of chickenpox epidemics in primary and secondary schoolchildren in early winter and late spring and early summer should be strengthened and effective measures should be taken to publicize the knowledge of varicella prevention and vaccination.