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天津是北京的门户,又是我国北方沿海的重要城市,在政治、经济和军事上都占有很重要的地位。外国帝国主义早就把天津作为侵略的目标。英殖民主义者胡夏米1835年在致本国外交大臣的信中就说:“天津的商务不及福建的繁荣,但天津距北京不足五十英里,我们在天津所造成的惊恐大可逼迫清政府早日结束战争。”他们对天津垂涎已久。第二次鸦片战争中,英法联军和美、俄的武装力量曾两次攻占天津,以武力胁迫清政府出让主权。
Tianjin is the gateway to Beijing and an important city along the northern coast of China. It occupies a very important position politically, economically and militarily. Foreign imperialism has long regarded Tianjin as its goal of aggression. In 1835, the British colonialist Hu Shamisin said in his letter to his foreign minister: “Tianjin is not as prosperous as Fujian. However, Tianjin is less than 50 miles away from Beijing. The horror we caused in Tianjin was enough to force the Qing government Put an end to the war at an early date. ”They coveted Tianjin for a long time. During the Second Opium War, the British, French, and U.S. armed forces of the United States and Russia captured Tianhai twice and forced the Qing government to seize the sovereignty by force.