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作为指涉人类生存的概念,“空间”与人类生活有着密不可分的关系。从人类早期以数学、物理学为认知基础的空间理论到康德的先验性空间,再到基于现象学和存在主义的阐释模式,直至上世纪七十年代“空间转向”以来形成的跨学科、跨文化的研究趋向,有关空间问题的思考和理解从未停滞。随社会现代性的进程和全球一体化的发展,人们更加关注空间的社会实践,关注人作为主体在空间中的行为活动,空间变成了社会生活中的经验事实,浓缩和聚焦现代社会和现代人的重要符码。空间与主体、社会、政治、民族等关系日渐成为各人文学科近几十年来研究的核心命题之一。本文试图对近现代空间理论的哲学基础和基本观点、发展脉络等问题进行回顾与梳理,并对近年来西方学界有关空间研究的成果和趋向进行总结和分析。
As a concept referring to human existence, “space ” has a close relationship with human life. From the early days of mankind’s space theory based on mathematics and physics as the basis of cognition to the transcendental space of Kant and the interpretation model based on phenomenology and existentialism until the “space turning” in the 1970s Interdisciplinary and intercultural research trends, thinking and understanding of space issues have never stopped. With the progress of social modernity and the development of global integration, people pay more attention to the social practice of space, pay attention to the human activities as the main body in space, space has become the empirical fact in social life, concentrate and focus on modern society and modern Important person code. The relationship between space and subject, society, politics and ethnicity has gradually become one of the core propositions in the study of literary subjects in recent decades. This paper attempts to review and sort out the philosophical foundations, basic ideas and development context of modern space theory, and summarizes and analyzes the achievements and tendencies of western academic circles in recent years.