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据诺贝尔奖官方网站消息,瑞典皇家料学院10月9日宣布,将2013年诺贝尔化学奖授予美国科学家马丁·卡普拉斯、迈克尔·莱维特、阿里耶·瓦谢勒,以表彰他们“在开发多尺度复杂化学系统模型方面所做的贡献”。诺贝尔化学奖评选委员会在新闻稿中解释了三位获奖音的研究成果。他们说,卡普拉斯、莱维特和瓦谢勒研究的开创性在于他们让经典物理学与迥然不同的量子物理学在化学研究中“并肩作战”。以前,化学家必须二选其一。依靠用塑料棒和杆创建模型的经典物理学方法的优势在于计算简单且能为大分子建模,但其无法模拟化学反应。而如果化学家选择使用量子物理学计算化学反应过程,巨大的计算量使得其只能应付小分子。为此,在20世纪70年代,这三位科学家设计出这种多尺度模型,让传统的化学实验走上了信息化的快车道。
According to the Nobel Prize’s official website, the Royal Swedish Institute of Materials announced on October 9 that the 2013 Nobel Prize in Chemistry will be awarded to American scientists Martin Caplas, Michael Levitt, and Aliye Vasselee in recognition of their “In the development of multi-scale complex chemical system model ”. The Nobel Chemistry Prize Selection Board explained in a press release the findings of the three winners. They say the groundbreaking work of the Kaplas, Levitt, and Vashele studies is that they made classical physics stand in line with the very different quantum physics in chemistry. In the past, chemists must choose one. The classical physics approach relying on models created with plastic rods and rods has the advantage of being computationally simple and capable of modeling macromolecules, but unable to model chemical reactions. And if chemists choose to use quantum physics to calculate the chemical reaction process, the huge amount of calculation makes it only deal with small molecules. To this end, in the 1970s, the three scientists designed this multi-scale model, allowing traditional chemical experiments to take the fast lane of informatization.