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目的了解珠三角水网乡镇肝吸虫病感染现状及危险因素分析,为当地采取预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法于2011年10月至2012年6月按照中山市阜沙镇地理方位随机抽取4个自然村,对4个自然村采用分层随机整群的抽样方法,调查对象为本地户籍居民,对抽中的居民用改良加藤厚涂片法进行粪检肝吸虫卵并计数,并对居民一对一进行肝吸虫病认知和饮食卫生行为习惯等项内容问卷调查。以感染肝吸虫者视为因变量,将年龄、文化程度、肝吸虫病的认知情况、饮食卫生行为习惯等作为自变量进行单、多因素logistic回归分析。结果共调查1 200人,男性590人、女性610人。肝吸虫病感染人数404例,感染率为33.67%,男性感染率为41.69%(246/590)高于女性感染率25.90%(158/610);不同职业人群感染率不同,以干部(45.33%)和工人(42.15%)最高;随年龄增长,肝吸虫病感染率呈逐渐递增的趋势(P<0.01),以50~59岁年龄组感染率(50.52%)最高。多因素logistic回归分析表明经常吃鱼生、年龄越大、缺乏肝吸虫病防治相关知识、加工淡水鱼生和熟食厨具未分开的居民感染肝吸虫病风险越大,其OR值分别为2.438、1.723、1.906、1.825。结论阜沙镇是中山市肝吸虫病感染的高发地区之一,必须针对性采取切实有效的控制措施,改变群众不良生活饮食习惯,提高肝吸虫防护意识。
Objective To understand the prevalence and risk factors of hepatic flukes in villages and towns in the water network of Pearl River Delta and to provide a scientific basis for preventive and control measures taken locally. Methods From October 2011 to June 2012, four villages were randomly selected according to the geographical orientation of Fusha Town, Zhongshan City, and stratified random cluster sampling was applied to four natural villages. The surveyed subjects were local registered permanent residents. Residents with improved Kato thick smear method for liver feces stool count and count, and one on one residents of clonorchiasis awareness and eating habits and other aspects of the content of the questionnaire survey. The infection of liver fluke as a dependent variable, the age, educational level, cognitive status of clonorchiasis, eating habits behavior as independent variables multivariate logistic regression analysis. A total of 1 200 were investigated, including 590 males and 610 females. The prevalence of clonorchiasis was 404 (33.67%). The infection rate was 41.69% (246/590) in male patients and 25.90% (158/610) in female patients. The infection rate among different occupational groups was 45.33% ) And workers (42.15%). The prevalence of hepaticosis was gradually increasing with age (P <0.01), and the highest infection rate was 50.52% in the age group of 50-59 years. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the frequent eating fish, the older, the lack of knowledge about the prevention and treatment of hepaticosis, the greater the risk of residents infected with freshwater fish and cooked kitchen utensils were not separated, the OR values were 2.438,1.723 , 1.906, 1.825. Conclusion Fusha Town is one of the high incidence areas of hepatic diseases in Zhongshan City. It is necessary to take practical and effective control measures to change the bad eating habits of the masses and improve the protection consciousness of hepatic flukes.