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目的了解江门市居民主要死亡原因,为制定疾病预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法应用“死因监测数据清洗与分析工具”和Excel软件对2010—2013年江门市户籍居民死亡资料进行统计分析,计算粗死亡率、标化死亡率、死因构成比等指标。结果 2010—2013年江门市累计报告居民死亡110 408例,各年粗死亡率分别为701.16/10万、695.25/10万、700.51/10万和704.71/10万,年均粗死亡率为700.41/10万,标化死亡率为396.56/10万;男性死亡61 268例,女性死亡49 140例,男女死亡性别比为1.25∶1,男性死亡率高于女性(P<0.01)。死因顺位前10位依次为心脑血管疾病、肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病、伤害、消化系统疾病、内分泌营养和代谢疾病、泌尿生殖系统疾病、传染病和寄生虫病、神经系统疾病、精神障碍,前10位死因合计占全死因的93.67%。在前10位死因中,不同性别人群心脑血管疾病、肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病、伤害、消化系统疾病、内分泌营养和代谢疾病、泌尿生殖系统疾病、传染病和寄生虫病死亡率的差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。不同年龄段死因顺位不同,0~4岁(幼儿组)以围生期疾病为首位死因,占39.13%;5~14岁(少儿组)以伤害为首位死因,占38.89%;15~44岁(青年组)和45~64岁(中年组)均以肿瘤为首位死因,分别占33.79%和43.23%;≥65岁(老年组)以心脑血管疾病为首位死因,占62.42%。结论慢性非传染性疾病和伤害已成为江门市居民的主要死因,加强慢性非传染性疾病和伤害的预防控制是今后疾病预防控制工作的重点。
Objective To understand the main causes of death of residents in Jiangmen City and provide a scientific basis for the formulation of disease prevention and control measures. Methods The data of deaths of household residents in Jiangmen from 2010 to 2013 were analyzed by using the tool of “Data of cleaning up and analyzing the cause of death monitoring data” and Excel software to calculate the indexes of crude death rate, standardized death rate and constituent ratio of death cause. Results A total of 110 408 residents were reported deaths in Jiangmen City during 2010-2013. The annual death rates were 701.16 / 100,000, 695.25 / 100,000, 700.51 / 100,000 and 704.71 / 100,000, respectively. The annual average crude death rate was 700.41 / The standard death rate was 396.56 / lakh. There were 61 268 male deaths and 49 140 female deaths. The sex ratio of male to female death was 1.25:1, and the male mortality rate was higher than that of female (P <0.01). 10 former death causes were cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, cancer, respiratory diseases, injuries, digestive diseases, endocrine nutritional and metabolic diseases, urogenital system diseases, infectious and parasitic diseases, neurological diseases, mental disorders, The top 10 causes of death accounted for 93.67% of total deaths. 10 causes of death in the front, different gender groups cardiovascular diseases, cancer, respiratory diseases, injuries, digestive diseases, endocrine nutritional and metabolic diseases, urogenital system diseases, infectious and parasitic diseases mortality differences were Statistical significance (all P <0.01). The cause of death among different age groups was different, and the cause of perinatal disease was the first cause of death in 0-4 years old children (39.13%); the cause of injury was the first cause of death in children aged 5-14 (38.89%); Tumors accounted for 33.79% and 43.23% respectively in the elderly (youth group) and 45-64 years old (middle-aged) group, and 62.42% were the cause of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in the group of ≥65 years old (aged group). Conclusions Chronic non-communicable diseases and injuries have become the main cause of death among residents in Jiangmen City. Strengthening the prevention and control of chronic non-communicable diseases and injuries is the focus of disease prevention and control in the future.