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甲醇、甲醛和甲酸都是常用的药用溶剂或消毒防腐剂。甲醇、甲醛在生物体内均被代谢为甲酸,中毒后均可引起代谢性酸中毒及中枢神经系统紊乱,此类急性中毒患者在临床并不少见,且时有群体中毒事件发生,临床救治工作必须迅速、及时和有效。但甲醇、甲醛及甲酸中毒后各有其特征表现,且解救方法也不同。本文就此类毒物的毒理学、中毒表现、实验室诊断及解救方法的进展作一回顾。1甲醇中毒甲醇是相对分子质量最小的饱和一元醇,常温时为无色透明液体,挥发度高,无色,易燃并有毒,有酒精样气味。通
Methanol, formaldehyde and formic acid are commonly used pharmaceutical solvents or disinfectants. Methanol and formaldehyde in the body are metabolized to formic acid, poisoning can cause metabolic acidosis and central nervous system disorders, such acute poisoning patients are not uncommon in clinical and sometimes groups of poisoning incidents, clinical treatment must be Quick, timely and effective. However, methanol, formaldehyde and formic acid have their own characteristics after poisoning, and rescue methods are also different. This article reviews the toxicology, poisoning performance, laboratory diagnosis and rescue methods of such toxicants. Methanol poisoning methanol is the relative molecular mass of the smallest saturated monoalcohol, colorless and transparent liquid at room temperature, high volatility, colorless, flammable and toxic, alcohol-like odor. through