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自20世纪80年代至今,有机场效应晶体管(Organic field-effect transistor,OFET)的研究已经取得了很大的发展,目前可用于场效应晶体管的有机半导体材料已达数百种.经过30年的发展,有机场效应晶体管的迁移率从10-6~10-5cm2?V-1?s-1提高到12 cm2?V-1?s-1,增长了6个数量级,其性能已经超过了无定形性硅场效应晶体管(0.1~1 cm2?V-1?s-1).值得指出的是,目前该类高性能的材料几乎都是基于给体-受体(Donor-Acceptor,简称D-A)的共轭聚合物,它也被誉为第三代半导体材料.本文综述了近年来国内外D-A共聚物半导体材料的研究状况,对空穴传输型、双极传输型和电子传输型的D-A共聚物半导体材料进行了分类总结和评述,并对其设计思路,器件制备及性能做了详细介绍,总结了材料的化学结构与器件性能间的基本规律,为今后应用于有机场效应晶体管的给体-受体共聚物半导体材料提供设计思路.
Since the 1980s, research on organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) has made great progress. Currently there are hundreds of organic semiconductor materials available for field-effect transistors. After 30 years , The mobility of organic field effect transistor increased from 10-6 ~ 10-5cm2? V-1? S-1 to 12 cm2? V-1? S-1, an increase of 6 orders of magnitude, (0.1 ~ 1 cm2? V-1? S-1) It is worth pointing out that almost all such high-performance materials are currently based on the Donor-Acceptor (DA) Of conjugated polymers, it is also known as the third generation of semiconductor materials.This paper reviews the research status of DA copolymer semiconductors at home and abroad in recent years, for the hole transport type, bipolar transport and electron transport type DA copolymerization Semiconductor materials were classified and summarized, and their design ideas, device preparation and performance were introduced in detail. The basic rules between the chemical structure of the material and the performance of the device were summarized, and the future applications in organic field effect transistors - Receptor copolymer semiconductor materials provide design ideas.